"Nothing Left for Him"
Sermon by Rev. Douglas Olds (all rights reserved)
Redwoods Presbyterian Church
January 10,
2016
2nd
Sunday after Epiphany: Baptism of the Lord
HYMN after Sermon 834.
Precious Lord, Take My Hand
GOSPEL READING Luke 3:15–22
15 As the people were filled with expectation, and all were questioning in their hearts concerning John, whether he might be the Messiah, 16 John answered all of them by saying, “I baptize you with water; but one who is more powerful than I is coming; I am not worthy to untie the thong of his sandals. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. 17 His winnowing fork is in his hand, to clear his threshing floor and to gather the wheat into his granary; but the chaff he will burn with unquenchable fire.”
18 So, with many other exhortations, he proclaimed the good news to the people. 19 But Herod the ruler, who had been rebuked by him because of Herodias, his brother’s wife, and because of all the evil things that Herod had done, 20 added to them all by shutting up John in prison.
21 Now when all the people were baptized, and when Jesus also had been baptized and was praying, the heaven was opened, 22 and the Holy Spirit descended upon him in bodily form like a dove. And a voice came from heaven, “You are my Son, the Beloved; with you I am well pleased.”
Let me tell you about a
remarkable prophecy in the Bible. Not everyone knows about it, and I have spent
a lot of time trying to figure it out and apply. I’ll just outline the prophecy this morning, and
if you’d like to see the details of my analysis of this prophecy, go to a link
to my writing it all out.
The prophecy is known as the “70
weeks” prophecy in the Book of Daniel, chapter 9. Daniel is being given a prophecy about a
figure discussed earlier as the Son of Man by the Angel Gabriel. Here are the angel’s words to Daniel about
the Son of Man, whom he calls the “anointed prince”—anointed being Messiah in
Hebrew-- and the duration left to the people of Israel to finish with sin:
Dan
9. 24 Seventy weeks are decreed for your people and your holy city: to finish
the transgression, to put an end to sin, and to atone for iniquity, to bring in
everlasting righteousness, to seal both vision and prophet, and to anoint a
most holy place.
25
Know therefore and understand: from the time that the word went out to restore and
rebuild Jerusalem until the time of an anointed prince[,] there shall be seven
weeks[; ] and ["for" not in Hebrew] sixty-two weeks[.] [I]t shall be
built again with streets and moat, but in a troubled time. 26 After the
sixty-two weeks, an anointed one shall be cut off and shall have nothing, and
the troops of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and the
sanctuary.
Now the word “weeks” in the
English translation refers to a heptad or group of seven in the Hebrew, so that
people of ancient times pored over this prophecy recognizing the weeks as
groups of 7 years. If the English
translation’s punctuation is disregarded—there were no punctuation marks in the
earliest scriptures in the original languages, the Angel is speaking of an
historical event coming upon the people of Israel in 69 times 7 years (483)
from the going out of a decree to rebuild Jerusalem “street and moat.” This decree I am confident—and check my
internet link to follow my reasoning—can be dated to the second of the three
imperial decrees in the Books of Nehemiah and Ezra. This is the decree of the Persian emperor
Artaxerxes, in his 7th year of reign (Ezra 7.4), to rebuild Jerusalem as a municipal
center—street and moat. The other two imperial decrees concerned rebuilding the
temple in Jerusalem only. That’s why so
many people find this arithmetic difficult. The other two imperial decrees do
not concern Jerusalem’s street and moat.
From dating outside the
Bible, in Thucydides and on imperial inscriptions, Artaxerxes’ 7th year
was 458 B.C. Add 483 years to that and
add an additional year for a non-existent “year zero” between B.C. and A.D., and
we find this prophecy for the anointed prince—the Messiah—as coming due in 26
A.D. At whence time the Messiah is to “be
cut off,” according to Gabriel’s prophecy.
Many have taken this “cutting off” to be the crucifixion, which leaves
some problem for what happens for the 70th heptad, the final 7 years
of the prophecy.
Once I discovered that the
Hebrew word for “cutting off” does not necessarily mean the English word for “kill,”
I discovered another messianic prophecy in Ezekiel that uses a Hebrew synonym
for “cutting,” where the community of Israel is likened to a graft or cutting
from a cedar and a new community or new creation set into the land by actions
of God.
Now, I believe my
interpretation of these scriptures is meaningfully suggestive, and that ancient
Judeans and other ancient peoples who were more invested in meditating over the
scriptures waiting for their deliverance by a messiah were also considering. I believe around 26A.D. the people of Judea
were at a fervor awaiting for this time frame to be fulfilled in their
lifetimes.
Let’s step back for a
moment. The first presentation in the
New Testament of the birth of Jesus takes place in the writings of Paul,
specifically in the Book of Galatians.
Paul’s writings predate the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke and
John. Paul in Galatians 4.4 writes:
4
But when the fullness of time had come, God sent his Son, born of a woman, born
under the law, 5 in order to redeem those who were under the law, so that we
might receive adoption as children.
“When in the fullness of time, God sent his Son.” Paul is referring to a historical fulfillment of which the Judeans of his time likely were awaiting. Luke also at the beginning of his Gospel makes it noteworthy the date of Jesus in the time of the census of Quirinius. Luke finds it important to date the birth of Jesus for those of his readers and listeners who were aware of the 70 heptad prophecy. Matthew’s gospel doesn’t give so much a date as a rundown of generations from the Babylonian captivity, during which Daniel is reputed to receive the prophecy from Gabriel. So Paul, Luke, and Matthew, at a minimum, likely find it very important that this historical time-frame for the arrival of the messiah be noted.
So let’s step back into the
age of 26 A.D. and the messianic fervor gripping Judea. Many thought that John the Baptist was the
messiah. He was drawing large crowds, including priests from the temple, and
including Jesus himself. In our reading
this morning, John takes care to claim that he is not the anointed Messiah, but
that the messiah is coming in his lifetime, soon after him. Luke makes it a point in this story to say
that Jesus is about 30 years old when he accepts baptism by John, so that puts
his birth in the 4-6 B.C. range that many scholars accept, and overlaps with
the final years of Herod the Great who plays a role in the visit of the Magi
which we just celebrated at Epiphany. The
wise men from the East likely had access to the Hebrew scriptures as sages in
their society and could expect that a birth to a man who would take responsible
adulthood around 30 years of age could happen during this time of Herod the
Great. Matthew’s gospel has these magi looking for an astronomical event in the
heavens therefore around 4-6 B.C. All
this supports the fact that interested parties in the divine council of Heaven,
which is to say most religious middle easterners, were expecting some sort of
an appearance of a great deliverer during this generation of 6 B.C. to 26 A.D.
Jesus himself likely was
aware, and around or before age 30 began to wander within the ascetic communities around
the Dead Sea and following John the Baptist.
In or around 26 A.D. he accepted the baptism of John and according to
our reading from Luke this morning heard the words from heaven that he was
indeed God’s son, the beloved.
From the Gospel of Mark
especially, we learn that Jesus may have been a bit reticent--even uncomfortable--at the
beginning with the knowledge that he was the anointed deliverer, the messiah. Instead, he begins to publicize himself as
the Son of Man, a mysterious judge of the people noted by Daniel who was to
open the covenant of God with Israel to all peoples, including the
Gentiles. Only later in his career (the
final heptad or 70th week) does Jesus during his ministry followed by
Paul in his ministry begin to adopt the universal title Son of God and begin the
outreach to gentiles. Jesus begins what
I believe is a 3-1/2 year ministry to the people of Israel, is crucified, and
then the final 3-1/2 years is an age of Pentecost where the apostles, especially
Paul, work out the messianic incorporation of gentiles into the new covenant
with God.
I have found my calendrical
work on this prophecy to give me a powerful way to work out the mysterious
prophecy, the use of Jesus of his various titles of messiah, Son of God, and
Son of Man, and the historical concerns of the New Testament in ways that shed
light on God’s purposes to bring in a new creation under-girded by a new
covenant with all people, Israel and Gentile alike. Jesus’s baptism, which we celebrate in the
church on today’s Sunday, is the opening of the blessings to the new creation.
But to bring in this new
creation, the messianic prince is to but cut off for a time, with וְאֵ֣ין ל֑וֹ—“nothing for him,” as
Gabriel announces (Da 9.26). Nothing for him. The baptism Jesus undertakes cuts him off
from the old creation, for which nothing is left for him. He has no role in the old creation—
and yet Jesus devotes the
remainder of his life trying to save the people of Israel’s covenant. He himself has
nothing left but the people who he tries to bring forward with him into the
new. Thanks be to God for those who
listened to him and repented.
וְאֵ֣ין ל֑וֹ “Nothing
left for him.” His work in the life left to him was bringing something new that
we could inherit: the New Kingdom. The baptism
he undertook with John—like the baptism we undertake when born again—leaves us
nothing in the old creation with which we are familiar and we are, like Jesus,
to work for something new and unexpected. We are to take nothing of our old
lives—our old possessions, our old world views, and our old wisdoms about how the
world system of sin operates—and instead work for God’s justice outlined in Jesus’s
ministry and teaching about the Kingdom of God.
יוְאֵ֣ין ל֑וֹ “Nothing
left for him.” How are we to apply this
message today? Who leaves everything
behind at a ritual’s notice to work on a completely new life? I know that my growth in faith and baptism
have worked with structures of both my old life and my incorporation into the
New Covenant. Perhaps these texts are calling me and us to rededicate ourselves
away from all that we know about how sinful systems get us ahead in this world operate and work instead wholly according to the justice and fairness outlined in Jesus’s ministry. I
can think of little better to bring as an application to these readings. Let us
continue to read the Gospels as ways and means of justice for all people,
announcing that God is at work in our lives when we treat people with charity and
fairness.
יוְאֵ֣ין ל֑וֹ “But
nothing left for him” also puts into my mind those whom have lost everything in
their previous world: the refugees and especially the prisoners. There is no
population which has left behind wholeness and the comfortable than the 80,000 U.S. prison
population undergoing solitary confinement on any given day. These prisoners undergoing solitary
confinement are cut off with nothing left to them—even human contact, left with only
their memories and struggles with their sanity—for 23 hours per day. Even their sleep is cut off and interrupted, with
prisoners on the Segregated Housing Unit at Pelican Bay State Prison awoken
every 30 minutes. Sleep may be our
most prized possession—and it certainly is in solitary confinement. But even
there the prison officials cut off and leave nothing of a coveted bliss of restorative
deep sleep for the segregated prisoner undergoing the torture of solitary
confinement. Solitary confinement is
torture, and sleep deprivation[1] is one of the most insidious of torture
techniques, designed to cut off the prisoner from sanity and a wholeness of being.
Nothing left for them. In the
words of one of the men in Pelican Bay State Prison, “The SHU (Segregated Housing Unit) is the
thief that steals our souls … we measure our lives, in the ability to withstand
insanity, and endure torture through days, nights, and endless years …”
Let us think of the 80,0000
U. S. prisoners undergoing solitary confinement as torture and resolve to act
in a way that brings this inhuman torture to an end. I lead an Anti-Torture team at First Presbyterian
Church of San Anselmo and we have adopted pen pals in solitary confinement to
bring something life affirming to the dead and frightful hours of nothing they have to
them. We participate in the Lifelines to
Solitary program to cultivate pen pals and give prisoners a voice and a
lifeline to another breathing soul. To
counter what one prisoner in solitary noted, “If no one hears my voice when I
speak, do I make a sound? If no one thinks of me, do I exist?” This is someone for whom nothing is left for
him. Let us like Jesus who has been cut
off make it our portion to lead others who have been cut off and been left
nothing, making us a lifeline to the new world—a world of compassion and companionship,
community and service.
Lifelines to Solitary is only
one way we can act to meet and greet those for whom nothing is left. I have
chosen to highlight solitary confinement as an application of today’s readings regarding
Jesus’s baptism. There are others. Let
us resolve to be aware of and ready to take the hands of those who have
nothing in this world, for whom nothing is left, and bring them the precious message
that their nothing is not the final word.
We are examples for whom something comes after nothing is left, and they are urged and welcome to join with us.
May it be so for you and
me. Amen.
[1] National Religious Campaign Against Torture "urges you to call the California Department of Correction today to urge them to stop the torture of sleep deprivation"
Copyright: Douglas B. Olds 2016
[1] National Religious Campaign Against Torture "urges you to call the California Department of Correction today to urge them to stop the torture of sleep deprivation"
Copyright: Douglas B. Olds 2016
